汶川地震灾区中学生地震创伤后应激障碍与领悟社会支持的关系

Relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder and perceived social support among middle school students in Wenchuan earthquake-stricken

目的探讨汶川大地震灾区中学生地震创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）与领悟社会支持能力之间的关系。方法使用创伤后应激障碍自评量表（PCL-C）和领悟社会支持量表（PSSS），对汶川地震灾区3所中学1966名中学生进行自填式问卷调查。结果1966名中学生的PTSD筛查总阳性率为78．3％，重度PTSD占24．38％。不同领悟社会支持程度的学生PTSD阳性率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），且PTSD严重程度与领悟社会支持高低程度呈负性相关（γ=-0．226，P〈0．05）；不同家庭内、外领悟社会支持程度的学生PTSD阳性率差异有统计学意义（P=0．009，P〈0．05）且PTSD严重程度与家庭内、外领悟社会支持高低程度呈负性相关（γ=-0．176，P〈0．05，γ=-0．214，P〈0．05）。结论地震灾区中学生PTSD的发生率及严重程度与其领悟社会支持的高低程度存在一定关系，领悟社会支持越高者，PTSD发生率越低，程度越轻。对灾区中学生的心理干预应有针对性。

Objective To explore the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder （PTSD） and perceived social support （PSS）ability among middle school students in earthquake- stricken areas after the Wenchuan earthquake accident. Methods A total of 1966 students from three secondary schools of Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas were evaluated by PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version（PCL-C） and Perceived Social Support Scale （PSSS）. Results The overall incidence rate of PTSD was 78.3%, with severe PTSD as 24.38%. Significant differences on the incidence rates of PTSD were found among the students who were in different PSS levels （P〈0.05） and significant negative correlation existed between the levels of severity on PTSD and PSS （γ =-0.226, P〈0.05）. Significant differences on PTSD incidence rates were found among those students who were from different families or out-family PSS levels （P=0.009, P〈0.05）. Significant negative correlation existed between the severity of PTSD and family or out-family PSS level （γ =-0.176, P〈0.05 ,γ=0.214,P〈0.05）. Conclusion Relationships between the incidence rate, severity of PTSD and PSS levels existed among the middle school students in Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas, with higher PSS, lower incidence rate and lighter severity of PTSD. Psychological intervention for earthquake-stricken students should be carried out.