短道速度滑冰战术理论体系的构建

Research on the construction of Short-track Speed Skating Tactical Theory System

短道速度滑冰是一项技战术复杂、偶然性很大的运动项目。它在不断向高速度、高超技巧、激烈对抗发展的同时,战术的形成与运用也有力地展现出精炼化、技巧化和智谋化等特征。因此,全面、系统地研究短道速度滑冰战术理论体系,对短道速度滑冰运动的发展进程起着至关重要的作用。运用专家调查法对短道速度滑冰战术理论体系及应用进行了系统地研究,得出以下结论:(1)与大道速滑相比,短道速度滑冰具有如下五个重要的竞技特点:赛道圈距短、弯道半径小,同道竞速,比赛态势瞬间多变,犯规、碰撞以致被判罚的几率高,以同组名次取胜。(2)短道速度滑冰战术理论包括战术指导理论和战术运作理论两个子系统。战术指导理论包括战术观念、战术指导思想和战术意识。战术运作理论包括战术运作原则、战术方法和战术行动。

Short track speed skating is a sport event with complex tactics and great contingency . It move with high velocity, excellent skill, intense resistance, The formation and the utilization of tactics powerfully unfold with concise, skill and strategy characteristics. Therefore, It is very important for short track speed skating movement＇s development to comprehensive study on short track speed skating tactic system info. The results are following：1. Compared with the main road speed skating,short track speed skating has the following characteristic： racecourse is short, curve distance is long, competitive on the same round,competition situation is instantaneous,The probability that violating a regulation and the collision which assigns a penalty is very high,It is decided to win by group position. 2. Short track speed skating tactic theory includes tactical instruction theory and tactical operation theory. Tactical instruction theory includes tactical idea, tactic guiding principle and tactical awareness. Tactical operation theory includes tactical operation principle,tactical method and tactical operation.