拉美地区小额信贷覆盖深度变化及对我国的启示

Changes of Microcredit Outreach Depth in Latin American Regions and its Enlightenment to China

通过面板数据的分析,本文发现拉美地区小额信贷商业化程度提高在一定程度上造成了小额信贷覆盖深度的变化,小额信贷机构对于原目标客户有所偏离。这种偏离是与这些机构利润最大化追求、市场竞争、抗风险能力及追求较高流动性有关的。这启示中国小额信贷实践,既要认识到小额信贷的必要性和多样性,同时在商业化过程中应通过政府适当补贴、小额信贷机构改进信贷技术和适度监管来降低成本与风险,增强持续发展能力,以此来保障小额信贷的覆盖深度。

Through panel data analysis, the paper found that the improvement of microcredit commercialization in Latin American regions had resulted in mierocredit coverage depth changes to some extent and the microfinanee institutions＇ deviation from their original target customers, which might give some lessons to China. Such deviation is believed related to the pursuit of profit maximization, market competition, risk-resisting ability and the pursuit of higher liquidity of these microfinance institutions. Given such lessons, it＇s necessary to recognize the need and the diversity of microeredit in China＇ s microcredit practice. Meanwhile, during the course of commercialization, we＇d better assure the coverage depth of mieroeredit by providing necessary government subsidies, improving the credit technology of microfinance institutions and adopting appropriate supervisions to reduce cost and risks, thus enhancing the capacity of sustainable development.