早产儿早期微量喂养的临床研究

Study of early microamount feeding on premature infant

目的:探讨早期微量喂养对早产儿的意义。方法:将98例早产儿随机分为喂养组46例(原发病的治疗+早期微量喂养+部分静脉营养),对照组52例(原发病的治疗+全静脉营养)。两组均在积极治疗原发病同时于入院24～48h内给予静脉营养。喂养组根据日龄、体重、全身胃肠功能状态,无喂养禁忌者入院后24h内试经口喂养,或给予鼻饲。结果:喂养组在拔除胃管时间、达到足量胃肠喂养时间、静脉营养时间和平均住院时间均较对照组明显缩短,1月时治疗组体重增长高于对照组;均有显著性差异。结论:早期胃肠道微量喂养结合部分静脉营养,不仅是对胃肠外营养不足的补充,而且可使患儿明显获得体重增长,缩短住院天数,减少并发症发生,提高了治愈率和生存率,而且能使早产儿更快的过渡至肠内营养,从而促进疾病的康复及生长发育。

Objective： To investigate the clinical effect of early microamount feeding on premature infant. Methods：98 premature infants were randomly divided into the early microamount group（46 cases） and control group（52 cases）, the both groups were treated by intravenous nutrition at the same time when the primary disease were treated, and then the early microamount group was offered oral feeding or nasogastric feeding accord!：g to age, body weight, and the state of gastrointestinal functional status within 24 hours after hospitalization. Results：The duration of nasogastric tube stay, intravenous nutrition, average hospital stay of the early microamount group were significantly shorter than those in the control group respectively（P〈0.01）, and the increase of body weight of the early microamount group was greater than that in the control group one month later （P〈0. 01）. Conclusion：Early microamount feeding combined intravenous nutrition on premature infants not only can supplement the insufficient parenteral nutrition, but also can increase body weight, shorten hospital day, decrease complication, raise healing rate and survival rate, and also make premature infant more quickly transfer to enteral nutrition, and then promote recovery from illness and growth as well as development.