液膜萃取本地产烟叶中烟碱的研究

Study on extraction of nicotine from local tobacco by supported liquid membranes

采用液膜萃取技术对本地产烟叶的烟碱进行了分析,膜载体使用0.45μm的PVC油膜和定性滤纸,浸泡膜载体的溶剂分别使用十一烷,十六烷和CHCl3。液膜萃取后的样品经GC/MS分析表明,滤纸作为膜载体的萃取效率明显高于PVC油膜;相同膜载体的情况下,以CHCl3浸泡的膜载体的萃取效果比较好。文中还对两种膜载体在不同溶剂浸泡下的烟碱的萃取效率以及最佳萃取时间进行了研究。

In this paper,local tobacco samples were pre-treated by supported liquid membrane extraction technology.Membrane materials were the qualitative filter paper and the current 0.45 μm of PVC film;the membranes were soaked by three sorts of solvents chloroform,n-undecane,n-cetane.It is known that chloroform is volatilisable easily,but it is good extracting solvent for nicotine.A 50 μL filled chloroform syringe was appended on the membrane so that it could keep the membrane being humidification during the experiment. Results analyzed by GC/MS showed that the extraction efficiency of qualitative paper filters was significantly higher than that of the oil film; and the one used chloro- form as a soaking solvent performed better than others when using the same material membrane. Although paper filter could be used for liquid membrane extraction, it could not hold for a long time, in the present work the time of extract was 25 min. If the liquid membrane extraction could keep long enough, the nicotine in tabacco would be extracted completely. Another fact observed was only nicotine was extracted and other alkaloids in tobacco did not appear, which could be used to remove nicotine from tobacco and enrich the other alkaloids such as anatabine, nomicotineand anabasine etc. Compared the traditional method of pre-treatment to membrane extraction technology, the latter is less consumption of organic solvents, which avoids pollution caused by using of huge amount of organic solvents.