双季超级稻强源活库优米栽培技术研究 Ⅲ.超级杂交稻不同密度配置条件下的源库特性与产量

Studies on the Cultivation Techniques Characterized by Enhancing Source,Activating Sink and Improving Quality for Double-cropping Super Rice Ⅲ.Sink-source Characteristics and Yield of Super Hybrid Rice Transplanted with Different Density

以培杂泰丰和华优86为材料,研究了超级杂交稻源库及产量随移栽密度的变化规律。结果表明:两个超级杂交稻组合的产量均有随移栽密度提高而增加的趋势,有效穗数增加是增产的主要原因;提高移栽密度对超级杂交稻抽穗至成熟期的叶面积、叶片叶绿素含量和叶片衰老速度均无不良影响,但显著提高了茎鞘干物质输出率和转换率;超级杂交稻单位面积的颖花数和库容量均有随移栽密度提高而增加的趋势,提高移栽密度虽然增加了粒叶比,但同时增加了鞘粒比,因此库容有效充实度在各种密度处理之间无显著差异;超级杂交稻产量与茎鞘重、鞘粒比呈显著正相关,而与齐穗期的叶面积和粒叶比相关不显著。

The change of yield, source and sink of super hybrid rice transplanted with different density was studied with Peiza Taifeng （two-line） and Huayou 86 （three-line） as experimental materials. The results showed that the yield of two super rice hybrids increased with the planting density, and the increase of the number of productive panicles was the main reason for yield increase. Increase of planting density had no negative effect on the leaf area, content of leaf chlorophyll and leaf senescence of super hybrid rice during the late growth period from heading to mature stage. However, it greatly increased the translocation ratio and the transformation ratio of stem and sheath dry matter （SSDM） of super hybrid rice. The spikelets per unit area and the sink capacity increased with the planting density. Increasing planting density increased the spikelet-leaf ratio as well as the sheath-spikelet ratio, so no significant difference in the percentage of grain yield to sink capacity was found in different planting density treatments. The correlation of grain yield to the SSDM weight and the sheath-spikelet ratio was significant positively. While the correlation of grain yield to the leaf area at the heading stage and the spikelet-leaf ratio was not significant.