两步聚合法制备两性聚丙烯酰胺增稠剂

Synthesis of Amphoteric Polyacrylamide Thickener by Two-Step Polymerization

采用两步聚合法,即甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵自聚得到聚电解质聚甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(PDMC);PDMC与丙烯酸、长碳链疏水单体丙烯酸十八酯(ODA)等单体共混,以N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBAM)为交联剂、过硫酸钾为引发剂进行反相乳液聚合,得到疏水缔合型具有互穿网络结构的两性聚丙烯酰胺增稠剂乳液。考察了该增稠剂的交联结构、PDMC用量、ODA用量、MBAM用量对增稠剂乳液增稠能力及耐盐性能的影响。实验结果表明,当PDMC用量(相对于增稠剂乳液的质量分数,下同)为13.800%、ODA用量为0 600%、MBAM用量为0.170%时,增稠剂具有优良的增稠能力和耐盐性能。

The amphoteric polyacrylamide thickener with salt resistance property was prepared by two-step polymerization. As first step, polyelectrolyte-polymethacryloyloxy ethyltrimethylammonium chloride （PDMC） was prepared by spontaneous polymerization of electrolyte-methacryloyloxy ethyltrimethylammonium chloride. Then, the obtained PDMC was blended with acrylic acid and octadecy] acrylate（ ODA）, which was taken as long carbon chain hydrophobic monomer, and then the inverse emulsion polymerization was carried out by adopting N, N-methylene double acrylamide （MBAM） as crosslinker, potassium persulfate as initiator, kerosene as continuous phase, aqueous solution of acrylamide and acrylic acid as dispersed phase. The amphoteric polyacrylamide thickener with hydrophobic associating semi-interpenetrating polymer net-work structure and with salt resistance property was obtained. The cross-linked structure itself, the influences of PDMC, ODA and MBAM dosages on thickening performance and salt resistance of the product were discussed. The results showed that excellent comprehensive thickening effect was achieved when dosage of MBAM was 0. 170% （based on total mass of thickener latex, the same below）, dosage of ODA was 0. 600% and dosage of PDMC was 13. 800%.