试论中医方法论的普适性

Preliminary Discussion on Universality of Methodology by Traditional Chinese Medicine

中医在数千年之前,面对复杂性极强的人体探索出来一系列的独特认识方法,用今天的科学方法论加以研究,仍然有很多智慧之处,可以加以借鉴,继承发扬。比如:中医善于运用的取象比类方法,有的时候就不可替代;中医对人体脏腑进行虚拟化模型处理的方法是有效的,中医的脏腑概念不同于西医的解剖概念;中医的很多术语属于定性描述,无法进行定量化规范,但是通过"模糊集合"这些定性的模糊概念,就能表示一个具体的清晰概念。现代医学"分而治之"的分子靶点治疗,在方法论上有不得要领的巨大缺憾,因而中医学的"合而治之"具有高度智慧。

Several thousand years ago, facing complex human body, traditional Chinese medicine explored a series of unique means of identification, which, studied by today＇ s scientific methodology, can still show some wisdom, and which can be used as a source of reference and be inherited and developed. For example, the method of analogism characterized by TCM is irreplaceable; its method of virtualization modeling on human viscera is effective although it is different from the concept of anatomy in western medicine; many jargons in TCM belong to qualitative description that cannotbe standardized in quantification, but a specific and clear concept can be shown by ＂ Fuzzy Set＂ of these qualitative fuzzy concepts. From the view point of methodology, the molecular targeting treatment in modem medicine takes the method of ＂divide and treat＂ but with enormous defect due to its failure in grasping the main point. Therefore there is high wisdom in TCM＇s method of ＂combine and treat＂.