论学校的职能

On the Role of the School

学校职能与教育功能是两个既有联系又有区别的概念。学校职能可分为教育职能和非教育职能,以及由二者所产生的派生职能。学校的教育职能包括使个体社会化和个性化;非教育职能也称工具职能,它包括服务社会大环境、服务周围小环境、谋求自身发展;派生职能主要是指在教育职能与非教育职能发挥过程中所产生的附带效果。学校职能的发挥受国家、社会和自身三个主要因素的影响,学校应以教育职能的充分发挥为基础,根据自身条件选择性地兼顾其他职能,处理好一元与多元的关系,只有这样,职能的整体效应才可能是正的。

The role of the school and the function of education am two different but related concepts. The role of the school can be classified into that of education and non-education, and the derivative roles from the two. The educational role of the school includes making the individual socialized and individualized; its non-educational role, or instnunental role, includes serving the macroscopic environment of the society, serving the surrounding microscopic environment, and seeking individual development; the derivative role mainly refers to the accessory effects from educational and non- educational roles. The exertion of the role of the school is conditioned by three major factors： the country, the society and the school proper. The school should fully exert its education function, on the basis of which deals with the relations between the single and plural roles by conditionally choose and tend other roles. Only in this way can the overall effect of the roles of the school be correct.