二维水槽中岩石坠落激发表面波的生成机制

Wave generation by the falling rock in the two-dimensional wave tank

针对二维水槽中岩石坠落激发表面波的生成机制进行数值和实验室研究,其中数值模型使用边界元方法求解完全非线性势流函数,实验室研究测得不同时刻的波面位移并用于检验数值模型.研究表明,数值结果和实验结果比对良好,这种基于势流函数理论的数值模型能够有效模拟水中岩石坠落激发表面波的生成过程.进一步数值研究了生成波最大位移随岩石大小、密度、初始位置和下落角度的变化,结果发现:岩石大小和密度对生成波最大位移的影响非常重要,而岩石初始位置和下落角度对生成波最大位移的影响较为显著.当岩石大小变大,密度变大,岩石初始位置更靠近水面或下落角度更偏离垂直方向时,生成波最大位移增大.此外,数值研究表明,利用水中岩石坠落可以给出水槽中生成破碎波的新方法.

Wave generation by the falling rock in the two-dimensional wave tank is experimentally and numerically studied,where the numerical model utilizes the boundary element method to solve the fully nonlinear potential flow theory.The wave profiles at different times are measured in the laboratory,which are also used to test the numerical model.Comparisons show that the experimental and numerical results are in good agreement,and the numerical model can be used to simulate the wave generation due to the submarine rock falling. Further numerical tests on the influences of the rock size, density, initial position and the falling angle on the wave elevation of the generated waves are performed, respectively. The results show that the size and density of the rock have strong effects on the maximum elevation of the generated wave, while the effects of the initial position and the falling angle of the rock are also significant. When the size or the density of the rock increases, the maximum elevation of the generated wave increases. The same effect on the generated wave would be produced if the initial position of the rock becomes closer to the surface, or the falling angle between the falling route and the vertical direction turns larger. In addition, the present numerical tests reveal that the submarine rock falling provides a new generation method for the breaking wave in the wave tank.