SATB1:多效能的核基质结合蛋白

SATB1: a multi-role nuclear matrix binding protein

SATB1是一种组织特异性的核基质结合蛋白,以独特的笼状结构锚定于特异的DNA序列并招募染色质重建因子调控基因转录。在转录调节过程中,SATB1既是一个转录抑制因子又是一个转录活化因子。作为一个高效的、具有多种调节功能的蛋白质,SATB1提供染色质环状结构与基质附着区转录因子相互作用的位点,在维持染色质转录的平衡、多基因转录调节、核蛋白定位等过程中发挥着重要的作用;同时SATB1还可能参与肿瘤的发生发展、免疫及细胞凋亡失常等过程。

SATB1 （special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1）, a global gene regulator, acts as a tissue-specific nuclear matrix binding protein, organizes specific nuclear architecture by anchoring specialized DNA sequences and recruiting chromatin remodeling factors to control gene transcription. Many gene loci, including brain-specific genes, are anchored by the SATB1 complex at specific genomic sites. SATB1 can be both a positive and negative transcriptional regulator depending on the cellular context and the target gene. As a highly pleiotropic long-range regulator of gene expression, SATB1 provides a key link between DNA loop organization, chromatin modification/remodeling, and association of transcription factors at matrix attachment regions （MARs）. It has emerged as a key factor integrating higher-order chromatin architecture, regulation of genes transcription and the location of nuclear proteins. Studies of this protein in recent years have gradually deepen in general tumors, cell development and apoptosis, which resulted in many problems and disputes along with some new views.