大庆油田地震勘探技术现状、面临的难题及发展方向

PRESENT STATE, EXISTING PROBLEMS AND DEVELOPMENT TREND OF SEISMIC EXPLORATION TECHNOLOGY IN DAQING OILFIELD

“九五”以来，针对大庆油田四大勘探领域（松辽盆地北部中浅层、松辽盆地北部深层、海拉尔-塔木察格盆地和其他外围盆地）复杂目标勘探难题，开展了地震采集、处理、解释技术攻关，形成了岩性油藏高分辨率三维地震勘探技术、深层火山岩三维地震勘探技术、海拉尔-塔木察格盆地复杂断块三维地震勘探技术和外围盆地复杂构造三维地震勘探技术系列，为松辽盆地北部岩性油藏的储量增长、深层火山岩天然气大型气藏发现、海拉尔-塔木察格盆地及其他外围盆地勘探突破提供了技术支撑。随着勘探难度的日益加大，地震勘探还面临许多技术难题，需要进一步攻关。提出了“近地表层吸收衰减补偿”、“高密度三维三分量地震勘探”、“转换波地震勘探”、“宽线地震勘探”、“火山岩覆盖区综合地球物理勘探”等技术发展方向。

Since the ninth ＂Five-Year Plan＂, aiming at the 4 types of exploration problems in Daqing Oilfield （ shallow and middle layers in the northern part of Songliao basin, deep layers in the northern part of Songliao Basin, Hai-Ta Basin and other external basins） , high-resolution 3D seismic exploration technology of Lithologic reservoir , 3D seismic exploration technology of deep volcanic rock , 3D seismic exploration technology of complex blocks in Hai-Ta Basin and 3D seismic exploration technology of complex structure in external basins had been formed through researches on seismic acquisition, processing and interpretation. The series of technology provided technical supports to reserves incremental of lithologic reservoir in the northern Songliao Basin, the discovery of large-scale natural gas reservoir of deep volcanic rock and the exploration breakthrough in Hai-Ta Basin and other basins. With the increasing of difficulties during exploration, there are still many problems for the seismic technology, needing further research and development to meet the demands of sustained and stable production of 4 000× 10^4t of crude oil. Hence the following directions of research as ＂near surface absorption decay＂, ＂high density 3D ＆ three-component seismic exploration＂, ＂converted wave seismic exploration＂, and ＂comprehensive geophysical survey in volcanic rock area of coverage＂ etc. , are presented.