北京地区道教考古发现与初步研究

The Archaeological Discoveries and Study of Taoism in Bejing Area

道教考古是考古学的分支学科之一。北京地区道教的考古资料已有了一定积累,从唐代直至元、明、清,有建筑遗址和墓葬,出土了建筑构件、随葬陶器等,还有一批墓志、碑刻等珍贵的文字材料。这些考古发现是了解、研究北京地区道教人物、事迹、宫观等基本情况以及相关政治、经济、思想方面内容的重要实物。但是在某种程度上,当前对于这些考古资料,尚未能引起学者们的足够重视。本文主要是对北京地区考古中发现的道教材料加以梳理,并略作综述。

Taoist archaeology is a branch of archaeology. The Archaeological materials of Taoist archaeology in Beijing area have been accumulated considerably, consisting of such materials from the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties as architecture sites and tombs, unearthed architecture components, funerary potteries, and valuable written materials. These archaeological discoveries are important materials for us to investigate the Taoist characters, events and temples in Beijing area and the significance of their politics, economics and ideology. These archaeological discoveries, however, have not been paid much attention to by scholars. This paper, therefore, attempts to summarize and comment on the Taoist materials discovered in the archaeological study in Beijing area.