哺乳动物精原干细胞的增殖分化及其移植技术的应用

Developmental Process of the Mammalian Spermatogonial Stem Cells and Application of Their Transplantation Technology

精原干细胞(spermatogonial stem cells,SSCs)是指位于睾丸生精小管基膜上既能自我更新以维持自身群体数量恒定,又能定向分化形成精母细胞,最终形成精子的一类成体干细胞。鉴于其独具的生物学特性,SSCs的研究在干细胞生物学、医学、畜牧业等领域均具有重要意义。通过其建立转基因动物模型,对研究精子的发生机制、重建不育个体的生精功能等都有着重要意义。综述了哺乳动物SSCs的形态特性,增殖分化特性及其调控因素,简述了SSCs移植技术的应用。

Spermatogonial stem cells（ SSCs）, which not only can maintain the number of themselves, but also can differentiate into spermatocytes, are located in seminiferous tubules. Due to their unique biological properties, investigations on SSCs are significantly important in stem cell biology, basic medicine and animal science. Using SSCs to prepare transgenic animal models has key roles in understanding the mechanism of spermatogenesis and rebuilding spermatogenic function of infertile individual. This review focused on the morphological, proliferating, differentiating characteristics and the regulation of mammalian SSCs, then briefly introduced the applications and perspectives of their transplantation technology.