火炸药及其相关物的热导率测定——小样品量的DSC测定法

DETERMINATION OF THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES AND THEIR RELATED MATERIALS A METHOD OF DSC FOR SMALL SAMPLES

在ＰｅｒｋｉｎＥｌｍｅｒＤＳＣ２Ｃ差示扫描量热仪的基础上，附加一种自行设计、加工的热导率测量装置，建立了快速测定小圆柱体试样热导率的方法和计算式。测定了１８种火炸药及其相关物的热导率，其偏差系数不大于３．７％，低于国际公认的５％。其中四种物质的测量值与护热平板法（ＧＨＰ）和微热量热计法（ＭＣ）的测量值进行比较，结果吻合较好，彼此相差不大于３．６％。标准物质热导率实测值与标准值相符。同时，研究了试样尺寸、均匀性和端面平行度等对热导率的影响。

A device for measuring thermal conductivity is designed and built by ourselves,which is attached to a Perkin Elmer DSC 2C instrument.A method of determining thermal conductivity ( λ ) of small cylindrical samples and its expression for calculating λ is established. The thermal conductivities of 18 propellants,explosives and the related materials are determined. The results show that the deviation is ≤3.7%,lower than the internationally accepted limit of 5%.The values obtained from the present method are consistent well with those from the Guarded Hot Plate and Microcalorimeter. The experimental data of the reference materials are in agreement with their standard values.Meanwhile the influences of the dimension,the homogeneity and the end faces parallelism of the sample on its thermal conductivity are discussed.