经颈外静脉和股静脉行中心静脉置管的临床应用比较

目的:探讨和比较经颈外静脉和股静脉两种途径行中心静脉置管的临床应用效果。方法:根据患者两个部位的血管情况,随机选取经颈外静脉(40例)和股静脉(40例)两种途径行中心静脉置管,观察两种途径置管的应用情况。结果:经颈外静脉行中心静脉置管在局部感染、静脉血栓形成及舒适感方面具有统计学意义;在导管堵塞、置管成功率方面无统计学意义。结论:经颈外静脉行中心静脉置管与经股静脉行中心静脉置管相比,局部感染和静脉血栓等并发症的发生率低,且有较好的舒适感。因此,除特殊情况(颈部疾患或危重症抢救)外,肿瘤患者化疗或静脉高营养应优先选取经颈外静脉行中心静脉置管。

Objective：To evaluate the clinical application of throughing external jugular vein and femoral vein for central venous catheterization. Method：According to the patient ＇s two regionals blood vessel status, through external jugular vein and femoral vein randomly selected forty in each group respectively for central venous catheteriza- tion, to observe the application of the two methods. Result： Through external jugular vein for central venous catheterization has statistical significance in the local infection, venous thrombosis and conffortable feeling; but has no statistical significance in catheter obstruction and tube insertion success. Con- clusion： Compare with the femoral vein for central venous catheterization, the external jugular vein for central venous catheteriza- tion has lower incidence rates in local infec- tion and venous thrombosis, and has better comfortable feeling as well. Therefore, except special condition（cervical disorders or criti- cally severe rescue）, the tumor patients for chemo or parenteral hyperalimentation should choose the external jugular vein for central venous catheterization priority.