微波辐射对γ射线致小鼠骨髓损伤的拮抗效应

Antagonistic effect of microwave on hematopoietic damage of mice induced by γ-ray irradiation

目的研究900MHz微波辐射对γ射线致小鼠骨髓造血损伤的拮抗作用及其机制。方法^60Coγ射线一次性全身照射雄性健康昆明种小鼠，建立放射性造血损伤模型，观察不同剂量微波对小鼠1射线照射后30d存活率及存活时间、体重、外周血象和脏器系数的影响，不同时相点小鼠骨髓粒-巨噬细胞系集落形成单位（CFU—GM）形成及骨髓有核细胞（BMNCs）增殖活性的变化，同时采用ELISA法检测血清中集落刺激因子（GM—CSF）、白细胞介素-3（IL-3）分泌水平。结果^60Co γ射线照射前给予120μW／cm^2的900MHz微波辐射能明显提高受照射小鼠的存活率，促进外周血白细胞恢复，提高受照射小鼠的脾脏和胸腺系数，增强γ射线照射后，小鼠骨髓BMNCs增殖活性下降程度减小，并可促进CFU—GM集落形成，刺激GM—CSF、IL，3的表达。结论特定强度的微波辐射具有一定的辐射防护作用，其作用机制可能与刺激GM—CSF表达、促进BMNCs增殖分化、降低射线导致的造血干细胞／祖细胞（HSCs／HPCs）增殖抑制，加快造血系统的重建有关。

Objective To investigate antagonistic effect of microwave on hematopoietic damage of mice induced by γ-ray irradiation. Methods Male healthy Kunning mice were treated with low dose microwave radiation before exposure to ^60Co γ-ray irradiation of 8.0 Gy. The 30-day survival rate and average survival time of the mice after the treatment were examined. Peripheral blood parameters and the organ indexes of thymus and spleen were also observed in the irradiated mice. After exposure to 5.0 Gy gamma irradiation, indexes of hematopoietic foci formation of bone marrow cells （CFU-GM） and the proliferation activity of BMNCs were examined. The serum concentration of hemopoietic factors （GM-CSF and IL-3） were detected by ELISA kits. Results Pre-exposure with 120 μW/cm^2 900 MHz microwave increased the 30-day survival rate （P〈 0.05 ） and the number of white blood cells of γ-ray treated mice. The increases of the organ indexes of thymus and spleen, proliferation activity of BMNCs and CFU-GM hematopoietic foci numbers, as well as the higher serum concentration of GM-CSF and IL-3 were observed in the microwave pre-exposure group. Conclusion Low dose microwave radiation may exert potential antagonistic effects on hematopoietic injuries induced by ionizing radiation. The underlying mechanisms might be related with stimulation of hematopoietic growth factors expression, promotion of HSCs/HPCs proliferation, suppression on the reduction of HSCs/HPCs caused by ^60Co γ-ray, and enhanced construction of the hematopoietic system.