肉桂提取物对粉尘螨杀灭的实验研究

Acaricidal activity of Cassia extracts against Dermatophagoides farinae

目的研究肉桂(Cinnamomum cassia Presl)不同溶剂提取组分对室内粉尘螨(Dermatophagoides farinae)的杀灭活性。方法肉桂粉碎后以石油醚、乙酸乙酯、甲醇为提取剂,分别用索氏提取法、浸渍法提取肉桂的不同有效组分;以作用浓度和作用时间为变量,分别用直接接触法测试肉桂石油醚、乙酸乙酯、甲醇提取组分对粉尘螨的杀灭活性,用熏蒸法测试肉桂石油醚、乙酸乙酯提取组份对粉尘螨的杀灭活性。结果直接接触法测试肉桂不同组分对粉尘螨杀灭活性的结果显示作用24h时肉桂石油醚提取组分和乙酸乙酯提取组分的LD50分别为4.64μg/cm2和1.44μg/cm2,甲醇提取组分对粉尘螨则不具有显著杀灭活性;从作用时间上看,石油醚组分作用时间最短,乙酸乙酯组分次之;熏蒸法测试结果显示肉桂石油醚、乙酸乙酯提取组分使用剂量为6.09μg/cm2和9.75μg/cm2时作用24h后对粉尘螨的致死率即达到100%。结论本文研究结果表明肉桂的石油醚和乙酸乙酯提取组分对粉尘螨具有良好的杀灭活性,呈剂量、时间依赖性,且与作用方式直接相关。

To investigate the acaricidal activity of different extracts from Cinnamomum cassia Presl against Derrnatophagoides farinae, the powdered Cinnamomum cassia PresI was extracted by petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol orderly using Soxhlet Extractor or marinating method, and acaricidal activity of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts against Dermatophagoides farinae was examined using direct contact application exposuring different dose and time. The acaricidal activity of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts was reexamined using fumigation methods. The result direct contact testing showed that the 24 h LD50 values of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts were 4.64ug/cm^2 and 1.44pg/cm^2 respectively. The petroleum ether extract gave 100% mortality in shortest time followed by ethyl acetate extract. The toxic effects of the vapors testing showed that the petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts elicited 100% mortality in closed containers after 24h of exposure to 6.09ug /cm^2 and 9.75ug /cm^2 respectively. It was showed that the petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts shows a good acaricidal activity against indoor Dermatophagoides farinae and the active constituents has a good volatility.