夸张辞格的认知阐释

The Cognitive Explanation of Hyperbole

从认知的角度探讨夸张的定义、成立条件和有效性条件,认为夸张是指故意用话语表述出一种不符合基础认知的虚拟认知,通过形成认知距离而突显对象属性的一种表达手段。夸张成立必须满足两个条件:一是基础认知程度值必须为真,二是认知距离必须大于零。夸张要有效,其言辞传达出的情感值就不能超过人们认知中限定的情感最大值。

The definition, conditions of establishment and validity of hyperbole are discussed. It is believed that hyperbole is a means being used to emphasize the object＇s trait by expressing a dummy cognition to form a cognitive distance. There are two conditions to be met with for the establishment of a hyperbole. One is that the value of the basic cognition should be true and the other is that the value of cognitive distance should be positive. An effective hyperbole is characterized by the fact that its value of sentiment which is expressed in words should not be greater than the maximum value of sentiment in people＇s cognition.