济南泉域岩溶地下水有机污染特征研究

Study on organic pollution of karst underground water in Jinan spring area

对济南泉域岩溶地下水系统水质进行了系统的采样分析。结果表明,泉域岩溶水已普遍受有机物污染,有机污染物检出率高达93%。检出有机物多于5项的样品多分布于大中型企业附近。在所有检出的有机物中,有机氯农药类、卤代烃类检出率最高,分别达到60%、57.8%。尽管岩溶水有机污染较普遍,但有机物含量较低,仅局部地段存在有机物超标现象。泉域岩溶水有机污染特征受控于工业企业分布及地下水流场,在济南侵入岩体南缘附近形成了近长方形的岩溶水有机污染区,面积达156 km2。污染区南部地带是济南市工业集中区,灰岩浅埋,防污性能差,另外由于地下水径流方向与侵入岩体南缘线近垂直,进入灰岩含水层的有机污染物随地下水径流向北运移,造成埋藏于火成岩体之下的埋藏型岩溶水也受到污染。

This paper carried out a systematic sampling and analysis on water quality of Jinan spring system. The results show that karst water in Jinan has generally been polluted by organic pollutants,which detection rate is up to 93%. The water samples with more than 5 items of organic detection are mainly found around the large and medium-sized enterprises. Among all the organisms, the organochlorine pesticide category and halohydrocarbon category get the highest detection rate as 60% and 57.8% respectively. The organic pollu- tants exist in karst water with a lower content and superscalar phenomenon only exists in local area. The organic pollutants distribution in spring area is controlled by industrial enterprises location and groundwater flow. The nearly rectangular shape of the karst water of organic pollution formed in southern margin of Jinan intrusive rock body, covering an area of 156 km^2. The southern contaminated area is the industrial zone, with shallowly buried limestone and poor anti-fouling properties. Besides, the groundwater flow direction and intrusive rock body in the southern edge meet nearly vertically with each other, so the organic pollutants can be transported toward north into the limestone aquifer with the groundwater, which leads to the karst groundwater lying under the igneous rock to be polluted.