民事诉讼检察监督三题

The Discussions of the Procuratorial Supervision over Civil Action

法官的自由裁量权不能成为排斥民事诉讼检察监督的理论依据,惟应明确检察监督的判准并非"可以确证的正确性"而是"可认为正当";基于当事人诉讼能力普遍较弱及关系社会、人情社会的国情现状考虑,当事人主义的诉讼模式与检察监督可以并存,但须强调检察监督的重点应立于保障当事人主义确能发挥作用之上;应肯定判决的既判力以维持其社会功能作用,故民事诉讼检察监督可以说是反向划定既判力作用边界的制度安排。

The discretion of the judge shall not be the theoretical basis for the objection of the procuratorial supervision over civil action, what needs to be specified is that the standard of the procuratorial supervision should be ＂recognized to be proper＂ rather than ＂corroborated to be correct＂ . Taking the litigants＇ capacity and the current actual situation of China into consideration, i. e. , （i） the litigants＇ capability in the proceeding is poor, and （ii） our society is a society based on interrelationships and human emotions, the adversary system and the procuratorial supervision are compossible; while it should be noted that the focus of the procuratorial supervision is to ensure that the adversary system can work. The Res Judicata of a judgement should be confirmed so that it can play its social function, therefore, the procuratorial supervision over civil action could be deemed as a system delimitating the boundary of Res Judicata from the opposite direction.