西曲歌繁荣原因论略

Reasons for Prosperity of Xiqu Song

西曲歌代表南朝荆楚民歌最高成就,主要流行区域在当今湖北荆州、钟祥、襄樊、河南邓县一带。由于形式新颖,曲调婉转动听,受到社会各阶层的广泛喜爱,竟出现"家竞新哇,人尚俗谣"的繁荣盛况。除了荆楚民歌"尚情"的文化传统,西曲歌繁盛的主要原因还有四个方面:一是统治者的好尚提供了政治文化平台;二是"新变"的文学思潮成为其审美导向;三是江汉之间独特地理环境;四是商贸繁荣催生的休闲文化土壤。由此探讨西曲歌繁盛的原因,对于认识西曲歌在中国文学史上的地位,以及荆楚民歌的发展衍变历程,具有一定的启迪作用。

The Xiqu Song represents the crowning achievement of Jingchu folk songs in Southern Dynasty. The main endemic regions are Jingzhou, Zhongxiang, Xiangfan（ Hubei Province） and Deng County（ He＇ nan Province）. Xiqu Song is popularized in almost every family because of the novel form and its mildly sweet tunes. On the one hand Jingchu folk songs are good at expressing feeling, on the other hand there are another four reasons for the prosperity of Xiqu Song： First, the interests of the rulers provide a political and cultural platform; seeond, to seek changes in literary guides the aesthetic orientation; the third is the unique geographical environment of Jianghan Plain; Fourth, the business prosperity has led to the recreational culture. The paper can help with understanding of Xiqu Songs＇ position in the history of Chinese literature, as well as the evolution and the development of Jingchu folk songs.