先天性隐性腰骶裂对选拔和培养青少年运动员影响的追踪观察

Influence of Geneogenous Recessive Hiatus Lumbosacralis to Choose and Train Youth Athletes

目的:跟踪观察先天性隐性腰骶裂对培养青少年高水平竞技体育运动的影响。方法:自2000年2月至2006年3月对基层业余体校输送到省体校和运动队八个运动项目的男女青少年运动员,经X线摄片和体检确诊的331名患有先天性隐性腰骶裂的队员进行跟踪观察。随着运动量的不断增大,在腰骶部出现各种不同程度的酸痛、隐痛,有的胀痛从腰骶部向大腿后侧放射等症状,出现8例为腰椎椎间盘突出症,4例为腰椎椎弓断,上例症状的出现都无明显外伤史。其结果严重影响正常训练和运动水平的提高。结论:先天性隐性腰骶裂由于其胚胎发育不全而造成的残缺和畸形,大运动持续对腰骶部的牵拉使腰腿疼痛逐步明显。同时这种刺激也造成先天畸形的椎板缺损处出现继发性病理变化,因而削弱了对腰椎关节的稳定性,易发生腰椎椎间盘突出症及脊椎的滑脱和椎板断裂等其他损伤。所以对于患有先天性隐性腰骶裂的青少年作为培养高水平竞技体育后备人才的筛选中要严格加强控制。

Aim：follow-up investigated the influence of geneogenous recessive hiatus lumbosacralis to choose and train youth athletes.Method：follow-up investigated 331 athletes with geneogenous recessive hiatus lumbosacralis by X-ray and physical examinction which were recommended to sports school and sports teams from February,2000 to March,2006.As the amount of excerise is gaining,there are many different kinds of ache and secret anguish at lumbosacral portion,some symptoms are like radial from lumbosacral portion to the backside of thigh.The appearence of 8 prolapse of lumbar intervertebal disc and 4 spondylolysis of arch is serously influenced daily training and the improvement of sports achievement.Result：geneogenous recessive hiatus lumbosacralis is caused by insufficient fetation,doing sports activities will get pain in waist and lower extremities.At the same time,such pain causes congenital malformation neural scute to have secondary cases pathological change,weaken the stability of lumbar joint and easy to have prolapse of lunbar intervertebal disc and fracture of vertebial lamina.So,it should be strict control to train youth athletes as high level competitive sports reserve with geneogenous recessive hiatus lumbosacra is.