近代美国在华教会学校发展研究

Research on the Development of American Christian Schools in Modern China

近代美国在华教会学校（教会中、小学）经历了初创、发展、衰落等阶段。最初的美国传教士在传教过程中受到了中国传统文化的冲击。他们必须为基督宗教的传播另寻途径，经过阵痛的思考作出了“办学传教”的选择，并在19世纪60年代以后取得了长足的发展，特别是在招生人数和教学质量上。美国教会学校在发展过程中逐渐确立了自身的教育目的、教育内容、教学方法、教育管理、课程设置等。美国教会教育在中国最终形成了一套独立完整的与中国教育并列的教育体系。所以，教会学校既是在中国教会教育的肇始，又是在后期教会大学发展的基础。

American Christian schools in Modern China experienced several stages of beginning, development and decline. When the American missionaries began to introduce western religion into China, They had to face the challenge of Chinese culture. They had to find another way to do that. After thinking, they chose ＂introducing religion by running school＂, and made fast progress in 1960s, especially in student enrollment and teaching quality. In the course of development, American Christian schools gradually established their teaching purpose, teaching contents, teaching methods, teaching management, courses design and so on. Finally, American Christian education formed a set of independent integrated education system that existed in China just like China＇ s. So American Christian schools were not only beginning of Christian education in China but also the base of Christian universities.