土壤干旱胁迫下苹果叶片膨压维持对光合速率及生长的影响

Study on the Leaf Cell Turgor Maintenance and its Influence on Leaf Photosynthesis and Growth of Apple Trees Under Drought Stress

以新红星和红富士苹果叶片为试材，利用P－V分析技术研究了在水分胁迫条件下叶片细胞的膨压维持方式以及细胞膨压维持对苹果叶片的光合速率、叶面积及干物质积累（叶片干重）等生理特性的效应。结果表明，两品种叶片在不同水分胁迫条件下细胞膨压维持能力不同，中度水分胁迫下膨压维持是以渗透调节和弹性调节并存，具有膨压维持能力，严重水分胁迫下渗透调节和弹性调节均消失，膨压维持能力丧失。细胞膨压的维持能够减少叶片叶绿素的破坏，维持干旱条件下（中度水分胁迫）的光合作用较正常进行，叶片正常生长及干物质积累。

The apple trees of Starkrimson and Red Fuji grown under drought stress were used for studing the leaf cell turgor maintenance and its influence on leaf photosynthesis and growth. Results showed the ability of cell turgor maintenance under different water deficit of the two varieties was not the same; the osmotic adjustment and cell-wall elastic adjustment under serious water stress were all lost. The existance of cell turgor could protect the chlorophyll(a and b) from destruction and maintain normal leaf photosynthesis,growth and accumulation of dry substances.