银杏主要栽培品种的分子鉴别

Identification of Main Cultivars in Ginkgo biloba by RAPD Markers

以１５个银杏主要栽培品种的种子胚乳为材料，利用筛选出来的１２种具多态型的引物进行ＲＡＰＤ分析．结果表明，１５个品种之间在分子水平上存在很大差异，并确定了这些品种的ＲＡＰＤ标记基因型．以标记基因型为依据，可以利用单倍体种子胚乳和二倍体叶片组织在ＤＮＡ水平上对这些品种进行有效的鉴别．依据各个品种的标记基因型对这些品种进行分子聚类的结果与传统的三大类分类法非常吻合．

In this paper, the marker genotype of endosperm of 15 main cultivars of the tree was studied at DNA level using screened 12 primers, totally 20 markers .In the meantime, the possibility and method to identify these varieties using molecular markers were also explored. The results demonstrated that the 15 varieties were very different at DNA level ,and the marker genotype of 15 varieties was determinated. Based on the marker genotype , these varieties can be effectively identified at DNA level using seed and leaf. In the other hand, the molecular cluster analysis of these varieties was also conducted using the marker genotype, and the result agreed with that of “three variety groups” taxonomic system .