黑龙江省玉米平衡施肥及养分循环试验研究

Study on the Balanced Fertilization and Nutrient Recycle of Maize in Heilongjiang Province

在平衡施肥的基础上设置各种缺素处理,研究各种元素对玉米产量的影响,对养分的吸收特性及各种养分在作物体内的循环试验。结果表明：与最佳处理（OPT）相比,各减素处理均有一定程度减产,其中不施肥处理减产最严重,其次是减氮和减磷处理,再次是减钾和减锌处理。苗期-抽雄期及抽雄期-成熟期是作物吸收养分的高峰期。植株吸收养分量和平衡系数试验则表明,氮的投入与产出基本维持平衡,磷已能满足玉米高产需要,并有剩余,钾肥投入不足。

We set the treatment of some element absent on the base of balanced fertilization to investigate the effect of each element on the yield of maize and the absorption character and their recycling in plant.The result showed：comparing with the optimum treatment,the yield of each treatment all decreased.The treatment of no fertilization was the worst,followed by the treatments of no nitrogen and no phosphorus,the treatment of no potassium and no zinc followed.Seedling stage to tasseling stage and tasseling stage to maturity stage were the absorption fastigium to plant.The experiment of the absorption of nutrition and balanced coefficient showed that the input and output of nitrogen was about balance,phosphorus was excessive for high yield and the input of potassium was not enough.