论《变形记》的潜在主题

The deeper topic of Die Verwandlung

评论家和作者对《变形记》认识的差异,是因为二者处于不同的认知层面,而就其所具有的多层意蕴来看,至少有两层值得关注:从表层看,即评论家们普遍认识到的作品的意识形态含义——资本主义经济制度下的劳动的异化及其所带来的人性的异化、以及对人与生存环境之间的冲突的揭露。然而作品的潜在含义,也就是作者本人所看重的深层意义却被接受者忽视了,而这恰恰是该作的潜在主题。

Though the Die Verwandlung was known as Kafka＇s representative work, it wasn＇t approved by Kafka himself. The reason is that the layers of cognition between the author and critics are different. It has at least two implications worthy of our concern, The surface level is widely known as the human dissimilation which was brought by the labor dissimilation in a capitalist system, but the deeper essence of the work which was thought a lot of by Kafka was absolutely ignored. This article tries to show the deep meaning by analyzing a few details.