螺旋形心室肌带的研究进展

Research progression of helical ventricular myocardial band

解剖学家从未停止对心脏结构的探索，但心室肌的结构犹如心脏解剖之中的“戈尔迪之结”无法解开。最近的文献对螺旋形心室肌带（HVMB）理论的讨论较多，该理论认为心室肌由一个起点为肺动脉根部，终点为主动脉根部的连续的肌肉带经过两个螺旋之后环绕而成，电兴奋沿着这条带的起点到终点的顺序收缩使心室肌的三维结构发生改变。该理论以全新的视角从整体、三维的角度理解心室肌结构及基于此基础上的心室肌功能，已经影响某些心脏疾病的诊断和治疗。然而，该理论在全世界范围内并未达成一致，其存在与否的争论较大，但是目前国内对此理论研究较少，本文综述了HVMB的解剖技术、生理功能、临床应用等方面，提出目前该理论存在的争论，预测其发展方向。

Cardiac anatomists have never stopped their explore on the construction of the human heart, however, the structure of ventricular myocardium is compared to be ＂Gordian knot＂ of cardiac anatomy. Recently, there are many opinions about the theory of helical ventricular myocardial band （HVMB） appear in the literatures. According to the theory of HVMB, the ventricular myocardium is thought to be existed as a single continuous muscle band that extends from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, wrapped into a double helical coil. The transmission of electric excitation produces sequential ventricular emptying and filling follow the direction of the HVMB, from the beginning to the end of the HVMB. The HVMB is a revolutionary new concept in understanding global, 3-dimensional, functional architecture of the ventricular myocardium. The helical anatomy has already influenced the decision making of both the diagnosis and treatment of some kinds of heart diseases. Howerver, whether it exists or not hasn＇t got a wordwide agreement. There are few domestic studies on the HVMB at present, so that the main purpose of this review is to overview the anatomy technology, physiological function, physiological function. At the same time, some disagreements with the HVMB will be showed as well as its research trend.