肇庆市乙型肝炎血清流行病学分析

Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis B in Zhaoqing

目的了解肇庆市1～59岁人群乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）携带率和乙型肝炎病毒感染率，为制订预防控制策略提供依据。方法抽取678人进行血清流行病学调查，用固相放射免疫法、酶联免疫吸附试验（EtaSA）夹心法进行相应项目检测。结果678份血清中HBsAg阳性率为10．77％；HBsAb阳性率为64．75％；HBeAg阳性率为3．54％；HBeAb阳性率为7．23％；HBcAb阳性率为33．78％；男、女性人群HBsAg阳性率分别为11．55％、10．03％，城、乡人群HBsAg阳性率分别为7．12％，14．37％；在HBsAg阳性人群中，HbeAg、抗-HBe标化阳性率分别为32．88％和67．12％；而HBsAb阳性人群中，单HBsAb阳性的占68．34％，HBsAb和HBcAb都阳性的占31．66％，单HBcAb阳性的占3．87％；小于15岁与大于15岁人群HBsAg阳性率、HBV感染率差异均有统计学意义。结论肇庆市HBsAg阳性率与全国平均水平相近，而流行率则低于全国平均水平；肇庆市乙肝疫苗纳入计划免疫管理10余年，15岁以下儿童HBV感染率已大幅度下降。

Objective To survey the positive rate of hepatitis B virus surface antigen （HBsAg） and hepatitis B virus in the population of 1 -59 year-old in Zhaoqing, provide basis for the development of prevention and control strategies. Methods A total of 678 serum samples taken for the seroepidemiological survey by the relevant detection with ELISA or SPRIA. Results The positive rate of HBsAg was 10.77%, the positive rate of HBsAb was 64.75%, the positive rate of HBeAg-was 3.54%, the positive rate of HBeAb was 7.23%, and the positive rate of HBcAb was 33.78%. The HBsAg positive rates for males and females were 11.55% and 10. 0% respectively, The HBsAg positive rates for urban and rural populations were 7. 12% and 14. 37% respectively. In HBsAg-positive population, the standardized positive rates of HBeAg and anti-HBe were 32. 88% and 67. 12%. In HBsAb positive population, the single HBsAb positive rate was68.34%, the positive rate of both HBsAb and HBcAb was 31.66%, the single HBcAb positive rate was 3.87/%. There were statistically signiticant differences on the positive rate of HBsAg and HBV between the people under 15 years old and over 15 years old. Conclusion The posiitive rate of HBsAg in Zhaoqing was similar to the national average level, while the prevalence rate was lower than the national averagelevel; the HBV infection rate of children under 15 years old declined significantly since the inclusion of hepatitis B vaccine into immunization program for more than 10 years old in Zhaoqing.