中长链脂肪酸食用油对高甘油三酯血症患者血脂及脂蛋白水平的影响

Effect of medium-long.chain triacylglycerols on blood lipid and lipoproteins in hyperlipemic patients

目的研究中长链脂肪酸食用油对高甘油三酯血症患者血脂及脂蛋白水平的影响。方法采用临床随机对照法，按随机原则将112例高甘油三酯血症患者分为中长链脂肪酸食用油组和长链脂肪酸食用油组，控制每13膳食摄人量及食用油摄入量（25～30g／d），推荐每日运动量，分别在研究开始前和8周后，检测两组研究对象的身高、体重、空腹血糖，血清丙氨酰氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酰氨基转移酶（AST）、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇，载脂蛋白A1（ApoA1）、载脂蛋白B（ApoB）、载脂蛋白AⅡ（ApoAⅡ）、载脂蛋白C2（ApoC2）、载脂蛋白C3（ApoC3）及载脂蛋白E（ApoE）。结果进入结果分析者101例，其中长链脂肪酸食用油组50例。中长链脂肪酸食用油组51例。研究开始时两组的体重、血清ALT、AST、总胆固醇、甘油三酯等生化指标的差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。食用中长链脂肪酸食用油8周后，患者的体重及血清甘油三酯、ApoC2、ApoC3水平均显著低于研究开始时（P〈0．05），而ApoA1显著高于研究开始时（P〈0．05）。研究结束时，中长链脂肪酸食用油组的体重、血清甘油三酯、ApoB、ApoAⅡ、ApoC2及ApoC3水平均显著低于长链脂肪酸食用油组（P〈0．05）。结论合理膳食条件下，中长链脂肪酸食用油可降低高甘油三酯血症患者血脂浓度，改善脂蛋白水平。

Objective To investigate the effect of oil with medium-long-chain triacylglycerols on blood lipid and lipoproteins in hyperlipemic patients. Methods Totally, 112 patients with hypertriglyceridemia were enwiled and randomly divided into MLCT group （consumed oil with medium-long-chain fatty acids） and LCT group （consumed oil with long-chain fatty acids） （both 25-30 g/d for 8 weeks）. Patients in both two groups were also instructed to take exercises. Height and weight were measured at baseline and 8 weeks later. Blood glucose, serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase （AST） , alanine aminoTransferase （ALT） , total cholesterols （TC） , triglycerides （TG）, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1 （ApoA1）, ApoB, ApoA Ⅱ , ApoC2, ApoC3, and ApoE were measured and compared. Results At the end of study, 101 subjects were included. There were 50 subjects left in LCT group and 51 subjects left in MLCT group, respectively. There was no significant difference in weight, ALT, AST, TC, and TG at baseline between two groups （P 〉 0. 05 ）. Eight weeks later, weight, serum TG, ApoC2, and ApoC3 were significantly lower and ApoA1 level was significantly higher than those at baseline in MLCT group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. At the end of study, the decreases in body weight and blood biochemical variables including TG, ApoB, ApoA Ⅱ , ApoC2, ApoC3 were significantly much greater in MLCT groups than those in LCT group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion When the diet is reasonably controlled, oil of medium-long-chain triacylglycerols may reduce the concentration of TG and improve the levels of apolipoproteins.