车削加工误差补偿技术的研究

Research on cutting parameters optimization and error compensation in slender bar turning

为了克服细长轴类零件车削加工变形对其加工精度的影响,尽可能提高切削效率,研究了根据加工精度要求和车削力大小,确定切削速度、进给率和切削深度的优化组合选取范围.使得工件变形大小不超过允许的极限值,从而满足加工精度要求以及为了尽可能提高加工效率,选择较大的切削用量等2种方案.此时,可根据工件刀触点处变形量的大小预修正原始数控编程刀位,进行误差补偿.车削实例表明,运用误差补偿技术能够实现柔性轴类零件的高效精密车削加工.

Cutting force induced deformation during machining is critical for precision turning of low-rigidity workpieces.The two approaches to improve the machining precision and productivity are researched：（1） Based on the machining precision requests and cutting force information,the machining parameters are optimized so that the workpiece deformation couldn′t exceed the limit value;（2） To improve the cutting efficiency,high machining parameters are used,then to eliminate the workpiece errors,the common and easy way on CNC machining centers is the NC program modifications. The turning experiment shows that the error compensation techniques can be used to realize the precision and efficient turning of flexible parts.