卵形异绒螨幼螨的生态适应性研究

A Study on the Ecological Adaptability of Allothrombium ovatum Larvae

通过观察３种温度环境下卵形异绒螨卵的孵化和幼螨的出土得出，室内变温和恒温处理幼螨出土较田间分别早２０ｄ和４４ｄ，卵的孵化率各为８７．３９％（田间），５４．４１％（１０～２１．２℃）和２１．９９％（２４℃）。说明室内变温有利于卵的提早孵化，控制温度便可控制卵的孵化和幼螨的出土时间。通过幼螨对光照和饥饿的适应能力研究得出，光照和黑暗处理对该螨的存活不产生影响，而环境湿度对其存活影响较大，在适宜湿度下该螨可耐１５ｄ饥饿。模拟降雨结果说明，短期小雨或阵雨仅影响该幼螨的一定活动时间，不影响其存活寄生；只有降大雨或连阴雨６ｄ以上才会对其存活产生显著影响。

Based on the laboratory studies and survey of egg hatch and larval emergence from the soil of Allothrombium ovatum ,it is found that the time of larval emergence is 20 days and 44 days shorber in the temperature change and 24℃ than in the field.The rate of egg hatch are 87.39% (field),54.41%(10-21.2℃) and 21.99% (24℃),these results show that temperature change in laboratory shortens egg hatch time, so controlling temperature may control egg hatch time and larval emergence.The adaptalility study of larvae to light and hunger shows that larval survival under lighit and in darkness is the same,but RH to the survival of larvae has significant effect.The time of average hunger endurance of larvae under suitable RH is 15 days.Simulated rainfall studies show that little rain and middle rain in a short time only limit the activity of larvae for a short time.After rain,the larvae can still survive and look for prey.Only heavy rain and continuous rain over more than 6 days have significant effect on the survival of larvae.