流域“健康”诊断指标——一种生态环境评价的新方法

Diagnostic Indicators of Catchment Health ——A New Method of Evaluation of Ecological Environment

介绍了澳大利亚学者建立的流域环境质量评价指标体系及其评价过程。该方法利用１０项环境背景指标来分析流域的总体质量或功能水平，１０项环境趋势指标以及９项土地生产力和经济效益指标来分析流域环境质量变化的趋势。通过这些指标体系所揭示主要的环境问题，为环境管理提供依据。

A minimum set of indicators and the assessment procedure of evaluation of catchment ecological environment established by Australian Commonwealth Science and Industry Research Organization (CSIRO) has been introduced. These key indictors were chosen from a large number of candidate indicators which were ranked according to a standard set of 8 selection criteria. And the three subsets of indicators are recommended: 10 condition indicators are used to gauge the state of catchment relative to some desired condition,10 biophysical trend indicators are used to monitor short term biophysical changes of the catchment, and 9 farm productivity and financial product quality trend indicators are used to monitor the profits changes of the catchment. After all the indicator data have been collected and evaluated, the catchment environmental health report card is completed, which gives a view of the long term health status of the catchment, and interprets the indicators data. Then people will know the strengths and weaknesses of land use practices exposed by the report card, and also know which remedial actions and the measures are needed for the catchment.