“微观政治”中的“法西斯主义群众心理学”——鲁迅与1990年代后中国小说中“国民性”主题系列研究论文(一)

"Mass Psychology of Fascism" in the"Micro-Politics":The Second One in the Series of Research Papers on Theme of "National Character" in Novels of LU Xun and Writers after the 1990's

鲁迅小说开创的"国民性"主题在1990年代后中国小说中得到鲜明的承续,两者都典型地表现了"微观政治"中的"法西斯主义群众心理学"。"微观政治"是指存在于日常生活层面的弥散化的、微观化的权力结构和控制机制。"法西斯主义群众心理"兼有"国民性"和"人性"二重内涵,体现为人的心理结构中具有的法西斯主义的情感因子,具体表现为恃强凌弱、冷漠残忍、麻木不仁、缺乏爱心的兽性心理,揭示了人的行为所蕴涵的"动物性法则",它往往在"微观政治"中充当扼杀他人精神而非肉体的精神"杀戮者"角色,"法西斯主义群众心理学"主题在1990年代后小说中频繁再现表明了"改造国民性"的艰难,世纪初鲁迅孜孜以求的"改造国民性"的重任并没有完成。

The theme of ＂national character＂ created by LuXun distinctly continued in novels after the 1990s,for example,both typically wrote the theme of ＂mass psychology of fascism＂ in the ＂micro-politics＂.＂Micro-politics＂ refers to the scattered and tiny structure of power and mechanisms of rule that exists in the everyday life.The ＂mass psychology of fascism＂ has connotation of both ＂national character ＂ and ＂human＂,which reflected the emotional factor of fascism in the structure of human psychology,demonstrated by the animal psychology of bullying,apathy,cruel,insensitive,lack of caring,revealed the ＂animal rule＂ in the behavior of human,which often acted as a role of killer to kill people＇s spirit and soul rather than physical body.The theme of ＂mass psychology of fascism＂ appeared frequently in the novels after the 1990s that demonstrated the difficult of transformation of national character.The task of transformation of national character that proposed by LuXun has not completed now yet.