小麦禾谷镰孢菌茎基腐病抗源的筛选与评价

Identification and Evaluation of Wheat Germplasm Resistance to Crown Rot Caused by Fusarium graminearum

为了发掘我国小麦种质资源中具有禾谷镰孢菌茎基腐病(crown rot)抗性的材料,采用禾谷镰孢菌苗期接种试验的方法,研究了82份小麦种质对禾谷镰孢菌茎基腐病的抗性。结果表明,在鉴定的材料中没有发现高抗材料;中抗材料13份,占总数的15.8%,包括C I12633、红蚰子、FHB143、Tiszataj和紫秆子等;大多数材料为感病材料。值得注意的是不同小麦材料对禾谷镰孢菌赤霉病和茎基腐病具有不同的抗性水平,两种病害没有正相关性,暗示小麦茎基腐病和赤霉病的抗性机制可能不同,因此,需要广泛挖掘具有茎基腐病抗性的小麦资源。

In order to find resistant genotypes to crown rot among Chinese wheat materials, 82 wheat cultivars were detected by inoculated by Fusarium graminearum in greenhouse. The results showed the varieties of CI12633, Hongyouzi, FHB143, Tiszataj and Ziganzi were identified as middle resistant to crown rot. Most of genotypes were susceptible to crown rot. Especially, there was weak relationship between crown rot disease index and FHB （Fusarium head bright） severity. It implied the mechanism of resistance to FHB might be different from that of crown rot. Consequently, more large scale of wheat genotypes should be screened for crown rot resistance.