社会工作本质的百年探寻与实践

The Centenary Exploration for the Nature of Social Work and Its Practice

从20世纪初社会工作专业化形成的开始阶段起,西方社会工作的发展就出现了两种不同的社会工作的发展模式和理念:以玛丽.里士曼为代表的强调科学、理性的专业化的个案服务模式和以简.亚当斯为领袖的注重融合、公平的能力导向的社区发展模式。西方社会工作专业化发展的一百多年历史就是围沿着这两种模式的基本要求展开的,虽然没有形成统一的理论基础和实践模式,但反映出社会工作专业化发展中的两个方面的本质诉求:一,提供关爱的专业化服务是社会工作的核心内涵;二,个人与环境的互动是社会工作的基本逻辑框架。

At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, there emerge two different ideology and practice models of social work. They are social case work created by Mary Richmond, which is built upon the principles of being scientific, rational, and professional and ca-nmanity work led by Jane Addams, which is focused on the values of inanersion, social justice, and cultivation of strength. These two conflicting practice models evolve the professional development for west social work over mere than one hundred years. There are two important implications for social workers. One is that the core of social work is to provide professional services of caring, and the other is that the basic conceptual framework of social work is the interaction and transaction between people and environment.