口腔感染及其并发症的药物防治策略

Antibiotic Use in Oral Infection and Its Complications

口腔感染最常见为草绿色链球菌、厌氧菌单独或混合感染,心瓣膜疾病、免疫损害及人工关节置入患者接受口腔手术后,若发生感染,则危害更大。该文回顾性分析了近年来有关口腔感染的药物敏感性研究,牙源性感染、非牙源性感染、口腔术后局灶性感染等的临床防治进展,以及肝、肾功能损害患者和孕妇等特殊患者的用药情况。

The most commonly isolated aerobic bacteria in postoperative bacteremia are streptococcus viridans and periodontal pathogenic anaerobic bacteria in blood cultures. Transient baeteremia is a known risk factor in the patients with altered immune system response and those with a susceptible site of infection. Antibiotics are indicated for odontogenic and oral non- odontogenic infections, as prophylaxis against focal infection, and as prophylaxis against local and systemic infection. Pregnancy, kidney and liver functional lesion are situations requiring special caution when indicating antibiotic treatment.