超声心动图在心血管疾病诊断中的应用

Application of echocardiography in diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases

超声心动图是诊断心血管疾病的最常用的无创性影像技术,常规经胸壁超声检查的方法包括M型超声心动图、二维超声心动图、脉冲波式多普勒、连续波式多普勒和彩色多普勒血流显像,部分患者需要经食管超声检查。近年来一些新技术如多普勒组织显像、对比超声心动图、负荷超声心动图、三维超声心动图和手提式超声心动仪陆续问世,进一步拓展了超声心动图的诊断能力。

Echocardiography is the most commonly used noninvasive medical imaging for diagnosing and evaluating cardiovascular diseases. A routine transthoracic echocardiographic examination is composed of M-mode echocardiography, two-dimensional echocardiography, pulsed wave Doppler, continuous wave Doppler, and color Doppler flow imaging. Some patients may need transesophageal echocardiographic examination. In recent years there come a lot of new and promising techniques, among which are Doppler tissue imaging, contrast echocardiography, stress eehocardiography, three dimensional echocardiography, and portable echoeardiography. These advances have considerably expanded the diagnostic abilities.