康德批判视野下的功利主义

The Significance of Utilitarianism Under Kant's Critical Field of Vision

康德以道德法则为基础的义务论的所提供的批判视野,分析了功利主义理论的思想脉络及其理论困境,以及功利主义对其义务论的批评。以此为基础,进而可以全面深入地分析了康德是如何看待功利问题的。功利主义对康德的批评建立在对形式主义的道德法则之狭隘化的理解之上;康德对功利问题有着全面而恰当的考虑,从康德道德哲学的批判视野出发,功利主义也可以具有恰当的地位与重要的价值;另外,康德的批判视野对于处理全球化时代的多元文化与价值问题提供了深刻的洞见。

This paper analyses the critical field of vision provided by Kant＇ t moral law, discusses the main ideas of utilitarianism and its insurmountable theoretical difficulties, and then analyses the utilitarian criticism on Kant＇ s deontology which is based upon the moral law. Meanwhile, the article comprehensively discusses what Kant＇ s opinion is about utilitarianism. The article also points out that utilitarian criticism on Kant＇ s moral philosophy is based upon a narrow understanding of Kant＇ s thoughts, and Kant has a comprehensive and proper understanding about utilitarian problems; furthermore, under Kant＇ s critical field of vision, utilitarianism also can be well placed in the theoretical framework and of great significance, and the critical field of vision can provide a profound insight about the problem of pluralistic cultures and values in the globalization era.