渣油窄馏分的加氢转化特性

HYDROCONVERSION CHARACTERISTICS ON NARROW FRACTIONS OF RESIDUA

利用超临界流体萃取分馏（ＳＦＥＦ）装置，获得了大港常压渣油、沙特阿拉伯轻质原油和中质原油的减压渣油的窄馏分，并分析了ＳＦＥＦ窄馏分的性质。在１００ｍｌ的高压反应釜内，利用破碎的工业ＮｉＭｏ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３加氢裂化催化剂，在氢初压８．５ＭＰａ、反应温度４００℃、反应时间２４０ｍｉｎ的条件下，研究了渣油窄馏分的催化加氢转化特性及其变化规律。结果表明，随ＳＦＥＦ馏分变重，其脱硫和脱氮效果明显变差，裂化反应生成汽油、柴油的能力逐渐降低，气体和焦炭产率逐渐增加。焦炭产率与原料的胶质沥青质含量和重油特性参数有密切关系，ＳＦＥＦ残渣对轻馏分的ＨＤＳ、ＨＤＮ反应具有一定的抑制作用。

Two vacuum residua from Arabian light crude and Arabian medium crude and one atmospheric residuum from Chinese Dagang crude were fractionated into 78 cuts by supercritical fluid extraction fractionation (SFEF) technique developed by State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing The major properties of these fractions were measured Each fraction was catalytically hydroprocessed in a 100 ml autoclave with a crashed commercial NiMo catalyst at the same reaction conditions Removal of sulfur and nitrogen decreases with increase of the average molecular weight (AMW) of the feedstock The yield of coke increases with increasing AMW of feed, expecially for the several heavier fractions