浅论大学创业型反应的类型

On Types of Entrepreneurial Responses of Universities

创业型大学是一种新的大学模式,其发展分为过渡阶段和成熟阶段。在这两个阶段中,不同的大学采取创业型反应的原因是不同的,从而导致创业型反应的表现也不尽相同。大学的创业型反应分为两种类型:一种是大学摆脱困境的组织转型,主要出现在欧洲;另一种是一流大学适应外界需要的主动出击,主要出现在美国,诸如麻省理工学院、斯坦福大学等都是这种创业型大学的典型。

A new model of universities has appeared silently since the beginning of the twentieth century. The well - known comparative educator, Burton R Clark, wrote a book named “Creating Entrepreneurial Universities： Organizational Pathways of Transformation” to describe these universities, and Henty Etzkowitz wrote “Triple Helix” to explain the American entrepreneurial universities and divided the development of entrepreneurial universities into two stage -transitional stage and mature stage. In author＇s opinion, there are two types of entrepreneurial response according to different reasons, so this article will depict these two types of entrepreneurial responses with cases in diffcrent slages.