中亚阿姆河含油气盆地构造特征

Geological Structure of Amu-Darya Basin in Central Asia

阿姆河盆地为图兰地台东南部大型含油气盆地,夹于东欧板块、哈萨克板块、阿拉伯板块和印度板块之间,具有古生界基底和中新生界盖层的沉积盆地。中下侏罗统含煤岩系为主要生烃岩系,上侏罗统巨厚蒸发岩为区域性盖层,将盆地盖层分为盐上碎屑岩含油气系统和盐下碳酸盐岩含油气系统。根据基底构造与沉积盖层特征,盆地内部可进一步划分为阿姆河坳陷、穆尔加勃坳陷、扎翁古兹坳陷、中央卡拉库姆隆起、巴哈尔斜坡、科佩达克山前凹陷及列佩杰克盐丘构造带等大型构造单元。

Amu-Darya basin, located in the southeast of Tulan platform and surrounded by eastern European plate, Kazak plate, Arabian plate and Indian plate, is a large oil and gas bearing basin, with Paleozoic basement and Mesozoic caprock. Middle-Lower Jurassic coal-bearing formation is the main source rock. Upper Jurassic evaporite, which divides Amu-Darya basin into clastic petroleum system above saline and carbonate petroleum system below saline, is the regional caprock. According to the character of basement structure and caprock, the basin can be divided into many large structural units, such as Amu-Darya Depression, Murgab Depression, Zauzngui Depression, Karakum High, Bakhardok Monocline, Kopet-Dag Fore deep and Repetek Salt-Kelif, etc.