食品中钙的强化水平上限研究

Study on maximum fortification level of calcium in food

目的探讨确定食品中微量营养素强化上限水平的方法;以钙为例,提出食品中钙的强化水平上限建议值。方法基于风险评估基本原则,利用2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查数据,探讨应用强化水平上限计算模型,按不同经济发展水平、年龄、性别分层分析,得出不同经济发展水平下不同年龄及性别人群的食品中钙强化水平上限,将其中的最低值作为强化水平上限的初步建议值。结果大城市、一类农村及中小城市各年龄组居民食品中钙强化水平上限(MSFL)均低于全人群相应年龄组水平。一类农村18岁以上年龄组的MSFL是相应年龄组的最低值,2～7岁、11～18岁的MSFL的最低值来自大城市。各年龄组中,18～50岁年龄组的食品中钙强化水平上限最低,为262mg/1000kJ。结论通过模型计算结果与食品强化标准某些指标值的比较分析,认为该模型可用于提出有UL值的一类营养素的强化水平上限建议值。

Objective To explore appropriate method for determining maximum levels of micronutrient fortification, and use calcium as an example, maximum levels were suggested for the revise of the standards of food fortification in China. Methods Based on the principle of risk assessment, the data of China National Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 were used to explore the model for calculating the maximum levels of mieronutrient fortification. The data were stratified by economical development level, age, as well as gender, and the maximum levels of calcium fortification were determined accordingly, among which the lowest value was suggested as maximum level of calcium fortification. Results MSFLs for all the age groups of big cities, M＆S cities and rural I were lower than those of the whole population. MSFL for 18- age group of rural I was the lowest one in the corresponding age groups. And the lowest MSFLs for 2 - 7 and 11 - 18 age group lies in big cities. The lowest MSFL for all of age groups was set as 262 mg/1000 kJ. Conclusion This model could be applied to derive MSFL for nutrient fortifieants with UL.