贵阳奥体中心整体疏散方案性能化研究

Performance-based research of evacuation of Guiyang Olympic Center

使用EVACNET4软件针对贵阳奥体中心看台观众疏散设计做消防安全评估。疏散要求为全体人员从看台座位疏散到地面一层的时间应小于8 min。体育场建筑面积53 94m2,总疏散宽度137.8 m,总疏散人数为51 000人,人员比例取Simulex建议的数值:成年男性35%,成年女性40%,儿童15%长者10%,平面行走速度统一取为1 m/s。初始设计状态下某些出口利用率不足,某些出口形成堵塞,五层通道宽度过窄(1.m)导致疏散能力降低。优化设计中将五层疏散宽度增加到3 m并更改通道东侧功能用房布局,疏散时间减少到435 s。建议:东看台中部设置栏杆门引导疏散人员;疏散走道地面设置疏散指示标志。

The fire safety evaluation of evacuation form stand of Olympic Center in Guiyang was done by EVACNET4. It must take less than 8 min to evacuate from stand to floor. The building area of stadium is 53 944 m^2 , total evacuation width is 137.8 m, total evacuation number is 51 000. According to the Simulex, 35% of people are men, 40% are women, 15% are children, 10% are elders. Walk speed is 1 m/s. Some exits were not be used fully and some exits were jammed at the beginning. The passage on the 5th floor was so narrow that people could not evacuate quickly. The arrangement of the rooms east to passage was changed and the passage was widened to 3 m, so the evacuation time reduced to 435 s. Suggestions： set baluster in the middle of east stand to guide evacuees; paint evacuation index on the floor of passage.