麻醉与阿尔茨海默病关系的研究进展

Potential Relationship Between Anesthesia and Alzheimer＇s Disease

阿尔茨海默病是一种进行性中枢神经系统退行性疾病，研究者们发现全身麻醉在解除患者痛苦保证手术稳定进行的同时，也可能与阿尔茨海默病之间存在一定的潜在关系。其可能的机制包括钙离子调节失调、D淀粉样肽的沉积以及tau蛋白过度磷酸化。目前已有多项研究证实了吸入麻醉药可以产生阿尔茨海默病相关病理变化，但静脉麻醉药是否有类似作用尚存在争议。其他围手术期因素也可能成为其危险因素。本文对麻醉与阿尔茨海默病的关系及其机制以及可能的危险因素的研究现状进行综述。

General anesthesia has provided significant benefits for almost two centuries. However, it is noticed that there is a potential relationship between anesthesia and the onset and progression of Alzheimer＇s disease. Sufficient evidences have proved that inhaled anesthetics contribute to Alzheimer＇s pathogenesis. Potential mechanisms at least include cellular calcium dysregulation, increased amyloid β production and aggregation, and tau phosphorylation. Whether Ⅳ anesthetics are associated with Alzheimer＇s disease remains controversial. The notion that some perioperative events may be Alzheimer＇s risk factors has also been raised by a number of case studies. This paper reviewed current researches to explain the relationship between anesthesia and Alzheimer＇s disease, its potential mechanism and related risk factors.