国际地震保险制度比较以及对我国的启示

A COMPARISON OF FOREIGN EARTHQUAKE INSURANCE SYSTEMS AND ITS ENLIGHTENMENT TO CHINA

针对汶川地震后,保险在应对巨灾风险中所凸显出的重要性,从日本、美国、新加坡三个国家的宏观地震保险体系和微观执行制度着手,从制度起源,专职机构,再保险、同业基金和基金免税三要素,保险运营方式等四个方面分析各国提供地震保险的特点及价值取向。并进一步结合我国国情分析,提出了建立我国地震保险制度的建议,即:建立政府牵头、保险业参与的保险体制;建构经营多元化、保单整合化的营运方式;制定易于理解、便于执行的保险条款;实行强调横向公平的保险政策;预设风险转移方案等。对于借鉴国际地震保险的经验,合理设计我国相关保险制度具有较为重要的参考价值。

This essay analyzes the characteristics and value orientation of earthquake insurance in Japan,the U.S.,and Singapore,focusing on the origin of their insurance systems,special organizations,reinsurance,inter-business fund,tax exemption of fund and insurance operation.The analysis then leads to suggestions about establishing earthquake insurance system in China.Under China′s circumstances,the establishment of earthquake insurance system should involve insurance industry under the direction of national government with horizontal equity as an important consideration and risk transfer preset.