钾肥对苦参生长和生物总碱的影响

Effect of potassium on growth and total alkaloids of Sophora flavescens

采用盆栽试验施K2O量设0、15、60、240 mg/kg 4个水平,研究钾肥对苦参生长、生物总碱含量和生物总碱产量的影响。结果表明,施用钾肥对苦参生长以及苦参总碱含量均有显著促进效应。施K2O 60 mg/kg处理根鲜重、根干重显著高于对照和施K2O 15 mg/kg水平,根鲜重较对照增加14%;根干重增加8.6%;叶绿素含量、苦参总碱含量和苦参总碱产量也显著高于对照,叶绿素总含量较对照增加5.6%;苦参总碱含量增加38.7%;单株苦参总碱产量增加50.5%。钾对单株干重增加效应主要是由于主根干重增加所致;施钾有利于提高叶绿素含量,进而提高苦参总碱含量。获得较高的单株苦参总碱产量适宜的施K2O量是60 mg/kg。

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of potassium （K） on growth, total alkaloids concentration and total alkaloids yield of Sophoraflavescens. The four levels of K applied were K2O 0 （ Control）, 15, 60, 240 mg/kg using potassium sulfate （K2O 50% ） fertilizer in pot experiment. Statistical analysis showed that stem height, root fresh weight, root dry weight, chlorophyll （Chl） concentration , total alkaloids concentration and total alkaloids yield of Sophora flavescens were increased significantly with K applied. The root fresh weight was increased by 14% with 60 mg/kg K2O applied compared with the control. The root dry weight was increased by 8. 6% with 60 mg/kg K2O applied compared with the control. Chl concentration, total alkaloids concentration were increased with K applied. Chl concentration was the highest with 60 mg/kg K applied, increased by 5.6% compared with the control. Total alkaloids concentration was the highest also with 60 mg/kg K2O applied, increased by 38.7% compared with the control. The total alkaloids yield per plant was the highest with 60 mg/kg K2O applied, increased by 50. 5% compared with the control. It was considered that the positive effect of potassium on mot dry weight was due to the positive effect on main root dry weight, and total alkaloids concentration was in- creased with K applied by improving Chl concentration.