竞争模式视角下的情态助动词习得过程分析

The Acquisition Process of Learning Chinese Modal Verbs in the Perspective of the Competition Model

文章从内在因素和外在因素两方面对英语母语留学生汉语情态助动词习得过程及偏误进行探讨和分析。在内在因素方面,文章将竞争模式与＂对应＂＂内置＂两个语言处理过程相结合,通过对英语母语者汉语情态助动词运用的个案追踪研究,显示语言运用是将形式与功能进行＂对应＂和＂内置＂的过程,在这个认知过程中始终伴随着各种语言形式的竞争及对各形式竞争强度的调整。但除了＂对应＂、＂内置＂和＂竞争＂这几个内在认知因素外,习得偏误的产生和语言处理过程还受到外在因素（＂输入＂）的影响,文章从竞争模式提出的信号可靠性、信号可得性、信号冲突强度三方面分析了输入对情态习得的作用。

Investigating both internal and external factors in the acquisition process of learning Chinese mo- dal verbs by English - speaking learners, this paper makes an analysis of their typical errors. In terms of the internal factors, the Competition Model is elaborated in relation to the two cognitive language processing mech- anisms named ＂matching＂ and ＂embedding＂ to reveal through a diachronic study of the use of these modal verbs that language learning is a process of matching and embedding accompanied by the competition of various linguistic forms to fulfill a certain language function. Apart from the internal factors mentioned above, an ex- ternal factor ＂input＂ also exerts a significant influence, and this paper demonstrates the influence of modal in- put from the perspective of cue reliability, cue availability and conflict validity.