丛枝菌根真菌对连作土壤中葡萄生长及根系分泌特性的影响

Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Strains on Growth and Root Exudation Characteristics of Grapevine

为了研究不同丛枝菌根真菌[地表球囊霉Glomus versiforme(简称G.V)、摩西球囊霉Glomus mosseae(简称G.M)和幼套球囊霉Glomus etunicatum(简称G.E)]对连作土壤中贝达(V.vulpina×V.labrusca Beta)葡萄扦插苗生长及根系分泌特性的影响,采用盆栽试验,将连作土灭菌后接种不同丛枝菌根真菌,测定贝达葡萄地上部及根系生理指标,利用液相色谱-质谱联用仪测定根系分泌的物质种类及含量。结果表明:3种丛枝菌根真菌处理葡萄的株高、茎粗、地上及地下鲜重均增加,叶片SOD活性增强,MDA含量降低,根系活力增强。其中G.V处理和G.M处理效果最显著,叶片SOD酶活性分别为对照的2.23倍和2.18倍,MDA含量比对照低12.83%和17.51%,根系活力比对照提高17.07%和20.33%。接种菌剂后,葡萄根系分泌的物质种类及其含量也发生变化,其中G.V处理葡萄根系分泌的物质种类较多,并且含有特异性成分橙花叔醇。连作土灭菌后接种丛枝菌根真菌促进了葡萄的生长,其中G.V处理和G.M处理效果较好。

With pot experiment,the succession cropping vineyard soils were vaccinated with three kinds of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（Glomus versiforme,Glomus mosseae and Glomus etunicatum） after steam sterilization,and the growth and root exudation characteristics of ＇Beta＇（V.vulpina × V.labrusca）induced by different AMF were studied.Plant height,stem diameter,fresh weights of shoot and root,and physiological indexes were measured after vaccination.Substance types and relative contents of grape root exudates were analyzed by LC/MS.The results showed that AMF promoted significantly plant height,stem diameter,fresh weight of shoot and root.SOD enzyme activity increased and MDA content decresed after vaccination.Root activity increased.SOD enzyme activities of G.V and G.M treatments were 2.23 and 2.18 times of the control,and MDA contents decreased by 12.83% and 17.51%,and root activities were increased by 17.07% and 20.33%.AMF affected root exudation characteristics of grape.Substance types and relative contents of grape root exudates changed greatly in different treatments.Among them,G.V treatment had most substances and specific component nerolidol.AMF promoted grape growth under succession cropping condition.G.V and G.M treatments had goog effects.